生物降解材料的使用种类及特性

Biodegradable materials are considered all materials that decompose due to the intervention of fungi and other microorganisms present in nature. When a substance is attacked by bacteria, the decomposition process begins, extracting enzymes to help convert the initial product into simpler elements. One stage involves gradually absorbing particles from the soil.

另一方面，不可分解的物质只会留在土壤中并破坏周围的生态系统。 大多数现代合成材料都没有可以简化它们的细菌， 所以它们会随着时间的推移保持完整，从而污染环境。

On the other hand, non decomposable substances will only remain in the soil and damage the surrounding ecosystem. Most modern synthetic materials do not have bacteria that can simplify them, so they will remain intact over time, thereby polluting the environment.

由玉米或小麦淀粉制成的可生物降解塑料目前正在以工业规模生产，例如用于制造垃圾袋。 这些塑料的降解可能需要 6 到 24 个月，地下或水中，取决于淀粉掺入的速度。

Biodegradable plastics made from corn or wheat starch are currently being produced on an industrial scale, for example, to make Bin bag. The degradation of these plastics may take 6 to 24 months, underground or in water, depending on the rate of starch incorporation.

同样，由黑麦或压缩纤维制成的完全可生物降解的塑料可以替代石油基塑料。 其中一种以黑麦淀粉为基础，以颗粒状材料的形式出现，用于制作菜肴。 变化时 成分及塑化工艺，可获得密度、弹性模量、拉伸强度、变形等技术特性， 等等。 这些材料的特性与石化来源的常规聚合物的特性非常相似。

Similarly, completely biodegradable plastics made from rye or compressed fibers can replace petroleum based plastics. One of them is based on rye starch and appears in the form of granular materials, used to make dishes. When the composition and plasticization process change, technical characteristics such as density, elastic modulus, tensile strength, deformation, etc. can be obtained. The characteristics of these materials are very similar to those of conventional polymers from petrochemical sources.

可生物降解的合成和天然塑料

Biodegradable synthetic and natural plastics

在这一组中，有一些类型的合成聚合物可以自然降解或通过添加可以加速其降解的物质。 这些塑料包括氧可生物降解塑料和聚（ε-己内酯）（PCL）。 可生物降解的氧化塑料是合成塑料，其中将促进氧化的化学添加剂添加到组合物中以启动或加速氧化降解过程以产生可生物降解的产品。 PCL 是一种用于医疗应用的可生物降解和生物相容性热塑性聚酯。

In this group, there are some types of synthetic polymers that can degrade naturally or accelerate their degradation by adding substances. These plastics include oxygen biodegradable plastics and polymers（ ε- Caprolactone (PCL). Biodegradable oxidized plastics are synthetic plastics in which chemical additives that promote oxidation are added to the composition to initiate or accelerate the oxidative degradation process to produce biodegradable products. PCL is a biodegradable and biocompatible thermoplastic polyester used in medical applications.

天然可生物降解聚合物，也称为生物聚合物，由可再生资源制成。 我们提到的一些产品包括植物产生的多糖（玉米淀粉、木薯等）， 微生物生产的聚酯 （主要是各种细菌）、天然橡胶等

Natural Biodegradable polymer, also known as Biopolymer, is made from Renewable resource. Some of the products we mentioned include polysaccharides produced by plants (Corn starch, cassava, etc.), polyester produced by microorganisms (mainly various bacteria), natural rubber, etc

不产生废物： 它们是完全天然的材料，可以被微生物毫不费力地消耗掉，这就是我在我的生命周期中使用它们的原因。 因此，它不会产生废物，因为它不会长时间留在垃圾填埋场或垃圾填埋场。

No waste generated: They are completely natural materials that can be effortlessly consumed by microorganisms, which is why I use them in my life cycle. Therefore, it does not generate waste as it will not stay in landfills or landfills for a long time.

不产生垃圾填埋场的堆积： 由于不可生物降解材料的积累，它们是垃圾填埋场空间问题的解决方案。

No accumulation of landfill sites: Due to the accumulation of non biodegradable materials, they are an excellent solution to the problem of landfill space.

它们易于制造和操作： 您几乎可以使用可生物降解的材料制作任何东西，而不会降低质量。

They are easy to manufacture and operate: you can make almost anything from biodegradable materials without compromising quality.

它们不含毒素：可生物降解材料的使用不允许对使用其他需要更高能耗和更严重污染的材料的这种依赖。

They do not contain toxins: the use of biodegradable materials does not allow this dependence on the use of other materials that require higher energy consumption and more severe pollution.

它们很容易回收：它们完全可重复使用，不需要复杂的处理过程。

They are easy to recycle: they are completely reusable and do not require complex processing.

是否时尚： 这是一个正在崛起的市场，并且越来越多地了解它。

Fashion or not: This is a rising market and we are getting to know it more and more.

它们不污染： 如果我们谈论他们的废物，可生物降解的材料对景观和生态系统的影响较小。

They do not pollute: if we talk about their waste, biodegradable materials have less impact on landscapes and ecosystems.

让你更支持：这是一种在自然和生命面前行动的美丽方式，因为我们正在为爱护环境做出贡献，我们正在帮助创造可持续发展。

Let you be more supportive: This is a beautiful way to act in front of nature and life, as we are contributing to protecting the environment and helping to create sustainable development.